Hey guys! What's up?
I hope you're doing great in your studies,
and that you've been doing all of the exercises, of course.
On this video we'll see a few verb forms we use all the time.
Well, we use verbs in pretty much everything we say, right?
The question is, how do we use the verb forms?
Let's start by the simple present.
It's used to talk about facts, habits and routine.
What is the first verb we learn?
The verb "to be", have you heard about it?
This verb has two main meanings,
let me show a couple of sentences with this verb.
In this sentence the verb "to be"
is used to show a permanent or temporary location.
See?
You're saying where you are.
So, this sentence is a bit different.
Here the verb refers to a permanent or temporary state.
Now that you know that you know what the verb "to be" means,
let's see how it's used
in the affirmative form of the simple present.
We've already seen the subject pronouns, remember?
So, pay attention to how they're used in the verb conjugation.
But wait, wasn't it "I'm"?
Well, in the example I showed you before,
there was "I'm on I-10".
The short forms of the verbs are preferred in spoken language,
because they make the speech flow much better.
So, "I am" becomes "I'm", let's check the others.
"You're" is the short form for "you are",
and the meaning is the same.
Here we have "he's" instead of "he is".
In this sentence "we're" is used instead of "we are".
And finally, we have "it's", as the short form of "it is".
All the other pronouns also have their short form with the verb "to be",
"she is" turns into "she's", "they are" becomes "they're" and so on.
Both the interrogative and the negative forms are also pretty simple.
Let's take the example we used, "he's in the fast-lane",
and re-write it in the interrogative form.
In English the verb "to be"
comes before the subject to form the interrogative.
Now, when we make the negative:
All we have to do is place "not" right after the verb "to be".
The verb "to be" also has its very own form in the simple past,
let's see what it's like!
There's no difference in structure between the interrogative
and negative forms of the simple present and of the simple past.
They're formed the exact same way.
But one thing,
we don't contract the subject and the verb in the past, ok?
There's only one possible contraction,
the verb + "not" in the negative form.
"Wasn't" or "Weren't".
By now you probably noticed that
there are many other verbs in English then the verb "to be", right?
How do we conjugate the other verbs in the simple present?
Honestly?
It's pretty easy!
In the affirmative form,
the verbs have the same conjugation for all subjects,
except for the third person singular.
Let's see an example in the affirmative form.
This is the verb " to need" in the simple present.
See how we use the subject "I" plus the verb without "to"?
It's just the same for "I", "you", "we", "they".
So, it goes like this:
What about the third person singular, "he", "she" and "it"?
Well, they're different. Take a look!
Here we have a slight change by adding "s", to the end of the verb.
The same thing happens to "she".
As "it" is also third person singular,
the verb gets the same final "s".
Basically, the rule is to add "s"
to verbs conjugated in the third person singular.
However, there are some spelling rules,
to some verbs we need to add "es" or "ies".
These letters don't change the meanings of the verbs,
just the spelling.
And pay attention,
this general rule of adding "s" to the end of the verb in the third person singular,
is for the affirmative form.
In the interrogative and negative forms, you don't change the main verb.
But hold your horses!
There's no need to curious, because we'll get back to this soon!
Before we see the interrogative and the negative forms,
let's see the simple past.
As the name suggest it refers to a single action in the past,
but you have to know that we have regular verbs and irregular verbs.
The difference is that all you hade to do is to add "d", "ed" or "ied",
to the end of the regular verbs.
Now, the irregular verbs have different forms,
and they may change completely, check it out!
The verb "to run" is irregular,
that's why its form changes entirely, "ran".
You'll use "ran" for all subject, from "I" to "they".
Now the verb "to crash" is a regular verb,
so the verb isn't entirely changed.
It just gets the termination "ed" to form the simple past.
Let's see some examples!
As a regular verb "to start" gets the "ed" to form the simple past.
The verb "to change" is also regular, so we only add "d" to its end.
Now, let's see a few examples with irregular verbs.
The verb "to break" is irregular, and its past form is "broke".
Here we have "stole",
which is the simple past form of the verb "to steal".
Last but not least,
let's take a look at the negative and interrogative forms
of both simple present and simple past.
We can choose to talk about them together because they're pretty similar,
both use auxiliary verbs.
In the simple present, we use do for "I", "you", "we", and "they",
and we use "does" for "he", "she" and "it".
In the simple past we only have one auxiliary verb, "did",
which is used for all subjects.
Let's see the negative form of the verb "to drive".
So, we use "don't" to make the negative form of the simple present.
When we use the third person,
we use "does not" or "doesn't",
and the main verb without "to" to form the negative
Don't forget that when speaking, people prefer to use the contracted form.
Now, when we use "does" to form the negative,
the main verb is in its base form without "to".
We don't conjugate it.
Let's see an example in the simple past.
See how similar it is?
The auxiliary verb "didn't" is in the past form
and the verb "to drive" is in its base form.
It's easy, right?
You just have to remember the auxiliary verb,
and follow the same sentence structure.
The same happens with the interrogative form,
and we'll use the same auxiliary verbs, take a look!
Here's the auxiliary verb "do" in the interrogative form.
For the third person singular,
we'll also use "does" to ask questions and the main verb in its base form.
In the simple past we'll use "did",
and the main verb without "to" to create a question.
I guess it's pretty clear that this topic is very important, right?
And you have plenty of activities to practice,
don't forget to do them!
See you in the next video, bye!